“The general public, however intelligent, are struck only by that which it takes little trouble to understand. They have been told that the interior of the body is something more or less like the contents of a vessel filled with wine, and that this interior is not injured – that we do not become ill, except when germs, originally created morbid, penetrate into it from without, and then become microbes.

The public do not know whether this is true; they do not even know what a microbe is, but they take it on the word of the master; they believe it because it is simple and easy to understand; they believe and they repeat that the microbe makes us ill without inquiring further, because they have not the leisure – nor, perhaps, the capacity – to probe to the depths that which they are asked to believe.”

-Antoine Bechamp

Preface to La Théorie du Microzyma, as quoted in Béchamp or Pasteur?: A Lost Chapter in the History of Biology By Ethel D. Hume on page 304 [prefaced by Pasteur: Plagiarist, Imposter: The Germ Theory Exploded By R. B. Pearson

The above quote by French scientist Antoine Bechamp accurately summarizes the very problem that we find ourselves in today. The general public, in the present as well as in the past, are all too willing to believe in what they are told as long as the story is simple and easy enough to understand. They allow their minds to be controlled, believing in invisible pathogenic entities that have never been scientifically proven to exist and cause disease. They are unwilling to spend any of their own time and effort to investigate in order to verify whether the simple germ theory fantasies that they have been sold are, in fact, true. This is why it was far too easy for the whole world to lock down under the false pretense of a “pandemic” when there was no such thing. There wasn’t even a shred of scientific evidence that a novel pathogenic “virus” existed, let alone that it was quickly spreading a “new disease” across the world. Anyone who devoted a little bit of their own time and effort to research and understand the situation would have easily seen through the scam from the very beginning. However, the general public, without giving much, if any, thought to the matter, relinquished their own authority over to the storytellers, willingly accepting the story based upon the fear propaganda provided by the mainstream media as has been done throughout the past century plus.

Fortunately, not everyone has been willing to give their minds over to the special interests that seek power and control of the narrative. We can find many respected scientists and medical practioners who rallied against the germ theory tale that was being woven from the 1800s onwards. The aforementioned and well-respected scientist Antoine Bechamp was a leader against the germ theory of disease and was a thorn in the side of the creator of the theory (really, an unproven hypothesis) in Louis Pasteur. According to a 2007 article published in the South African Journal of Science, Bechamp was quoted as saying that Pasteur’s germ theory of infectious disease was “the greatest scientific silliness of the age.” He is quoted in Ethel D. Hume’s book Bechamp vs Pasteur?: A Lost Chapter in the History of Biology as saying “There is no doctrine so false that it does not contain some particle of truth.  It is thus with microbian doctrines.” What Bechamp was referring to is that germ theory is dangerous precisely because it contains elements of truth within it. However, it is a bending of truth mixed with falsehoods. While germs and microbes do exist, they are not the outside pathogenic invaders as envisioned by Louis Pasteur. As demonstrated by Antoine Bechamp’s research, these entities are found within us at all times, and they can either be a reflection of health or disease depending upon the internal terrain of the individual. When healthy, microbes live harmoniously within us, resulting in normal fermentation processes. However, if the conditions change due to imbalances from unhealthy living, these entities will evolve into other forms (bacteria, yeast, fungi, mold) as required by the body at the time to restore balance. This is known as pleomorphism, which is a central tenet of the terrain theory of disease that is in stark contrast to the germ theory of diseases’ monomorphic view.

According to an excellent article by Merinda Teller, MPH, PhD for the Weston A. Price Foundation, much of Béchamp’s work centered on the biological role of fermentation. Bechamp brought about awareness to the tiny elements within the blood that he could view under the microscope in all living things. He decided to call these elements “microzymas,” which he had derived from zyme, the ancient Greek word for a ferment. Bechamp spoke of the microzymas as the “primary anatomical elements of all living beings” as well as “the beginning and end of all organization.” He viewed these particles as living entities precisely due to their “power of movement and production of fermentation.” Because of his studies into the microzyma, Bechamp realized that disease did not come from germs in the air invading from the outside. Disease was produced within the body due to an unfavorable internal environment brought about by poor nutrition, drugs, alcohol use, toxins, and various other factors. In other words, Bechamp viewed disease as multifactorial and saw the microbes as a response by microzymas coming from within that were brought about by the changes in the internal environment. Pasteur, on the other hand, viewed these entities as coming from outside of the body which fueled his belief that there were specific invading microbes associated with specific diseases.

While Pasteur, a proven plagiarist and fraud, ultimately won the day with his unproven hypothesis of pathogenic air germs due to his powerful and influential connections, Bechamp’s work was not for naught. His observation of the microzymas were verified by many researchers over the proceeding decades including Gunther Enderlein, Royal Raymond Rife, Gaston Naessens, Dr. Robert O. Young, and many others. According to Dr. Norman Allan PhD DC, a neurophysiologist, chiropractor, and holistic health practitioner, “all those who have worked extensively with darkfield microscopy, with live blood, have come up with similar stories of pleomorphism.” The dark field microscope allowed the microscopists to see the microzyma in a living state (or somatids, as referred to by Naessens) and observe the pleomorphic cycle as they changed form from microzyma to bacteria, fungus, mold, etc. This cycle was demonstrated in the below video with Gaston Naessens with his powerful Somatoscope.

https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/laSBUn1xTgw?rel=0&autoplay=0&showinfo=0&enablejsapi=0

Fortunately, Bechamp was not the only person who criticized Pasteur’s germ theory of disease. There were plenty of other important people who disagreed with Pasteur’s conclusions. Probably the most prominent critic was Rudolf Virchow, a German pathologist and one of the most respected physicians of the 19th century. Considered the “father of modern pathology,” Virchow did not believe in the idea that germs invaded from the outside. He emphasized that diseases came from within the individual cells within the body:

“While Virchow, in Germany, was developing the new science of cellular pathology, Louis Pasteur, in France, was developing the new science of bacteriology. Virchow fought the germ theory of Pasteur. He believed that a diseased tissue was caused by a breakdown of order within cells and not from an invasion of a foreign organism.”

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2603088/

Another respected figure who was aware that disease came from within was Florence Nightingale, the founder of modern nursing. In her 1860 book “Notes on Nursing,” Florence made it very clear that there are no separate disease entities, only different conditions, and that these disease conditions are very much within our control. Florence explained how she was brought up to believe that smallpox started off with a first specimen in the world that “went on propagating itself, in a perpetual chain of descent.” She stated that her own experiences caring for smallpox patients convinced her that smallpox was not something that was “caught” from outside but was grown from within. She also recounted how she had seen diseases transform into other diseases, such as a fever going to typhoid and then to typhus. Thus, she looked at disease as a single continual process rather than something caused by separate entities:

“Is it not living in a continual mistake to look upon diseases, as we do now, as separate entities, which must exist, like cats and dogs instead of looking upon them as conditions, like a dirty and a clean condition, and just as much under our own control; or rather as the reactions of kindly nature, against the conditions in which we have placed ourselves.

I was brought up, both by scientific men and ignorant women, distinctly to believe that small-pox, for instance, was a thing of which there was once a first specimen in the world, which went on propagating itself, in a perpetual chain of descent, just as much as that there was a first dog, (or a first pair of dogs), and that small-pox would not begin itself any more than a new dog would begin without there having been a parent dog.

Since then I have seen with my eyes and smelt with my nose small-pox growing up in first specimens, either in close rooms or in overcrowded wards, where it could not by any possibility have been “caught,” but must have begun.

Nay, more, I have seen diseases begin, grow up, and pass into one another. Now, dogs do not pass into cats.

I have seen, for instance, with a little overcrowding, continued fever grow up; and with a little more, typhoid fever; and with a little more, typhus, and all in the same ward or hut. Would it not be far better, truer, and more practical, if we looked upon disease in this light?”

Daniel Roytas of Humanley.com uncovered an article written by Dr. Lawson Tait, Chief surgeon of the Birmingham and Midlands Hospital, published in the British Medical Journal in 1887, where the role of bacteria are clearly defined as a phenomenon of decomposition and not disease. Bacteria do not attack living tissue, and once the waste material is removed, the bacteria are “starved into submission.” Dr. Tait spoke about his own experiences of being unable to eliminate all bacteria in tuberculosis patients, and yet, the patients still recovered when he enabled them to rid their bodies of the waste materials the bacteria were living off of. Dr. Tait pointed out that the germ theory was incompatible with the facts, and that if it were correct, no one would be safe as tuberculosis bacilli would be encountered everywhere.

D.D. Palmer, the founder of chiropractic care, as well as his son B.J. Palmer, the developer of chiropractic care, rejected Pasteur’s germ theory of disease. In fact, B.J. was famously quoted as saying “If the germ theory were true, no one would be alive to believe it.” He believed that there had never been a single germ that was discovered that was ever proven to cause disease.

Palmer’s views were backed up by Montague L. Leverson, MD, a British lawyer and homeopathic physician, in a lecture delivered at Claridges Hotel, London, on May 25th, 1911. Leverson argued that not only had the germ theory, which rested entirely upon assumptions, never been proven true, but these assumptions were incapable of being proven, and many of the assumptions had already been proven untrue:

“The entire fabric of the germ theory of disease rests upon assumptions which not only have not been proved, but which are incapable of proof, and many of them can be proved to be the reverse of truth. The basic one of these unproven assumptions, wholly due to Pasteur, is the hypothesis that all the so-called infectious and contagious disorders are caused by germs.”

On page 111 in the 1921 book Timely Truths on Human Health by Dr. Simon Louis Katzoff, it is stated that members of the profession agreed that no germ causes tuberculosis, and that germs do not cause any disease. It was argued that there was more harm in the fear of germs than there was in the germs themselves. It was emphasized that the importance of the germ as the cause of the disease had been greatly exaggerated. The same sentiment as presented by Dr. Palmer was given in that, if the germ theory were true, the human race would not be able to exist for more than one hour:

“We agree with those members of the profession who hold that no germ causes tuberculosis. Germs do not cause any disease. Further, we agree that there is more harm in the fear of germs than there is in the germs themselves. We do not claim that there are no germs, but maintain that the importance of the germ as the cause of the disease has been greatly exaggerated to say the least. If the present-day notions concerning the extreme importance of disease germs and their destructiveness were true the human race could not exist for one hour. Disease germs are everywhere. The air is full of “contagion.” And were all humans susceptible we should all be on our death beds before sundown. As a matter of fact, there are some germs that are present in parts of all animals, especially in the intestinal tract and the mouth. The writer is not opposed to the further research and understanding of the action of germs (which rightfully belongs to the realm of Biology), but cannot agree with the view advocated by many well-meaning physicians that germs are the sole or chief cause of this or any other disease.”

In the first chapter of the 1925 book Principles and Practice of Naturopathy, Dr. E.W. Cordingley, M.D., N.D., A.M. wrote that the germ theory of disease was weakening and due to be thrown away. He supplied the examples of Dr. Fraser of Canada and Dr. Powell of California, who had both experimented with billions of germs of all varieties. Neither doctor could bring about a single disease through the intentional introduction of the germs to healthy human subjects. Another doctor by the name of Waite was also mentioned as having tried to prove germ theory, but had failed in his efforts to do so. Dr. Cordingley even brought up the famous Gallop’s Island studies by Milton Rosenau that tried, and failed spectacularly in many ways, to infect healthy subjects with what is considered the deadliest “virus” ever with the Spanish Flu:

“Medical doctors are working on the germ theory of disease…But the germ theory is already weakening and is due for being thrown aside. Dr. Fraser of Canada and Dr. Powell of California have experimented with billions of germs of all varieties, but they have been unable to produce a single disease by the introduction of germs into human subjects. Dr. Waite tried for years to prove the germ theory, but he could not do so. During the World War an experiment was conducted at Gallop’s Island Massachusetts, in which millions of influenza germs were injected into over one hundred men at the Government hospital, and no one got the flu. Germs are scavengers.”

On pages 189-190 of the 1928 book Human Life: Its Philosophy and Laws, Dr. Herbert Shelton, a naturopath and founder of the modern-day Natural Hygiene movement, wrote about the nature of germs as the scavengers of unhealthy tissues. He wrote that they are purifying and beneficial agents that the medical industry whipped up into a scapegoat for disease. He stated that germs are ubiquitous and all around us. As they are beneficial agents and present always, it is a fool’s errand to try and eliminate them. Attempting to do so will only destroy the patient:

“Warmth, moisture, food-these are the causes that activate latent germs and arouse them to activity. They exist, all except the food, in the mouth, nose and throat at all times. The food is thrown out into these, as excretions, in disease. The germs feed on the excretions. They are scavengers. They were never anything else and will never be anything else. They break up and consume the discharge from the tissues. This is the function ascribed to germs everywhere in nature outside the body and is their real and only function in disease. They are purifying and beneficial agents. The medical profession has worked itself into hysteria over the germ theory and is using it to exploit an all too credulous public. Germs are ubiquitous. They are in the air we breathe, the food we eat, the water we drink. We cannot escape them. We can destroy them only to a limited extent. It is folly to attempt to escape disease by attempting to destroy or escape germs. Once they are in the body the physician has no means of destroying them that will not, at the same time, destroy the patient. We cannot avoid germs. We must be proof against them. We have to accept them as one of the joys of life.”

In the book The Medical Mischief, You Say!: Degerminating the Germ Theory, a 1947 passage from The Homeopathic Review by Royal E. S. Hayes, M.D was reprinted. The doctor did not hold back at all, saying that germ theory is a travesty on science, a ghastly medical farce, and the biggest hoax.

“The germ theory of disease is the greatest travesty on science that was ever stumbled over during this semicivilized age; the most ghastly medical farce in which the human mass ever played its part; the biggest hoax the medical profession ever took in after with little hesitation and no mastication.”

The above people are only a handful of the many who spoke out about the fraudulent and unscientific nature of the germ theory of disease. They knew that disease was a process coming from within, and that endogenous germs were being misinterpreted and misrepresented as being harmful invaders because they may, at times, be associated within someone in a diseased state. However, just as it would be inaccurate to conclude that the firemen are the cause of the fire as they were the first ones on the scene in order to put the fire out, germs have been erroneously targeted as the cause of disease when they are only present due to the condition of the terrain of the individual. They are present at the scene as they are performing an important cleaning function that the body needs to restore homeostasis.

The reason I am bringing up these voices from the past who spoke out against Pasteur’s theory is because they were at the forefront of the creation of this deception. They witnessed firsthand the pseudoscientific practices that were employed from the beginning in order to convince the public to fear the invisible boogeymen. Many of these people pointed out the contradictory evidence that should have ended germ theory at its birth. Sadly, their voices were mostly silenced by powerful interests that sought to drown them out. Thus, it is important to rediscover and learn from the wisdom of these pioneers of the past as well as to give them another chance to have their voices heard.

In the spirit of listening to and learning from the past, I am presenting here what I find to be one of the best early refutations of the germ theory of disease. I was alerted to the below 1913 El Paso Herald article by a Twitter user named CharliePoet, and I feel that the article needs to be shared in its entirety. I will summarize and interject commentary along the way while providing pertinent information that I have found matches up exactly with the argument that is made. The headline stated that this is “one of the most important investigations ever made,” and I wholeheartedly agree. Let the germ theory house of cards fall.

The article shared here was presented in the El Paso Herald in 1913. It was written by Dr. Herbert Snow, a surgeon, medical writer, and cancer researcher. Before diving into the article, I want to provide some background information on Dr. Snow. According to a 2004 paper published in the Annals of Surgical Oncology, Dr. Snow graduated from the University of London in 1869 with First Class Honors in Medicine, Forensic Medicine, and Midwifery. He was a member in the Royal College of Surgeons of England (MRCS) as well as the Licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries of London (LSA). Two years after graduation, he was awarded his Doctorate of Medicine. Dr. Snow went on to become the House Surgeon at South Staffordshire General Hospital and subsequently became Resident Surgeon at Birmingham General Dispensary. In 1876, Dr. Snow was moved to the Cancer Hospital, Brompton, London, which was the first hospital in the world specifically founded to treat patients with cancer, where he served as a senior surgeon for three decades:

Dr. Herbert Lumley Snow, MD, MRCS (1847-1930): the original champion of elective lymph node dissection in melanoma

“Although little is known of his early life, Herbert Snow graduated from the University of London in 1869 with First Class Honors in Medicine, Forensic Medicine, and Midwifery. Two years later, he obtained his Membership in the Royal College of Surgeons of England (MRCS) and Licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries of London (LSA). He was also awarded a Doctorate of Medicine (MD) in the same year. Snow never obtained a Fellowship from the Royal College of Surgeons (FRCS). It is perhaps for this reason that his writings on cancer are little known.

He was the House Surgeon at South Staffordshire General Hospital and subsequently became Resident Surgeon at Birmingham General Dispensary. In 1876, Snow was appointed to the Cancer Hospital, Brompton, London—the hospital set up by William Marsden (and subsequently to bear his name) and the first hospital in the world specifically founded to treat patients with cancer. The Cancer Hospital (Figs. 1 and 2) was granted Royal Charter by Edward VII in 1910 and was renamed the Royal Marsden Hospital after the formation of the National Health Service, because it was believed that “the word cancer was too frightening and a deterrent to patients.” Snow worked at the Cancer Hospital for three decades as a Staff Surgeon until 1905. At this time, he was one of six surgeons on the unit, the senior surgeon being Mr. Thomas Stoneham, FRCS. He was based at Number 6 Gloucester Place, Portman Square.”

Dr. Snow was very much against the germ theory of disease as well as the practice of vaccination. In fact, he viewed vaccination as a primary cause for people who were suddenly dropping dead and said that it was a well-known cause of grave and permanent damage to the heart. Dr. Snow was also very vocal about his objections to animal research, as he viewed it as futile in providing relevant information about human disease. He stated that the experimental disease developed in mice was not cancer at all, and that it had no relation to the disease seen in humans:

Snow publicly condemned as fraudulent the (by-then) well-established theory that germs cause disease, saying that “as for Lord Lister, he should be remembered, only because he got surgeons to wash their malodorous hands.”

Even more controversial were his views on vaccination:

“In recent years many men and women in the prime of life have dropped dead suddenly, often after attending a feast or a banquet. I am convinced that some eighty percent of these deaths are caused by the inoculation or vaccination they have undergone. They are well known to cause grave and permanent disease of the heart. The coroner always hushes it up as ‘natural causes.”

“Snow was a vocal opponent of animal research, a theme revisited in his later life. Ardently believing that basic surgical science would not provide the answers that medicine sought, he thought that physiological research was a futile means of promoting medical science. He maintained that experiments on animals “. . .are not dealing with cancer at all [,but that] which has been reported as cancer in mice is a totally different thing from the cancer of humans.”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15342349/

All of this is to show that Dr. Snow was a very well-educated and credentialed individual. For those who feel that an argument against germ theory should come from those with the “right credentials,” Dr. Snow definitely has the bona-fides to be an expert witness against the germ theory of disease. However, regardless of his background, the validity of his argument should really be based upon the merits of the information presented. So without further ado, let’s dive into Dr. Snow’s investigation into the germ theory of disease and see what he uncovered.

Immediately from the start, you will see Dr. Snow call out the entire lack of scientific proof for the casual association of microbes and disease. He argued that, in most instances where there is evidence claimed as proof, there is an abundance of evidence that completely contradicts that view. He stated that there have been ill consequences resulting from the premature adoption of the germ theory as a proven axiom of science. In line with terrain theory, Dr. Snow pointed out that it is unquestionable that disease is often the result of environmental toxins such as foul air, polluted water, non-nutritious food, deficient light, etc., and that when these are remedied, the state of health returns. However, he maintained that there is ignorance to the subtler causes, and that due to this ignorance, there is a natural temptation to assume that, if a microbe is found in association with a diseased state, it is the cause of this state. Going along with these assumptions overlooked necessary links in the chain of scientific proof. Essentially, Dr. Snow was calling out the fallacy of using correlation to equal causation. Echoing Bechamp, he called germ theory a simplistic explanation that was easily adopted by the fooled medical profession, which was then adopted by the general public who look to them as authorities. He noted that no investigator had at that time, been able to detect any causative germ whatsoever in some of the most familiar and prevalent maladies despite many efforts. Dr. Snow argued that the evidence for the causative agent of whooping cough was weak, and that even Pasteur himself was unable to identify any microorganism as the cause of hydrophobia, a.k.a. rabies. This was pointed out even by the Pasteur Institute, which stated that “Louis Pasteur’s initial efforts to isolate the rabies virus proved unsuccessful as the virus remained invisible.” You can learn more about Pasteur’s rabies fraud here.

Regarding cancer, Dr. Snow stated that over 400 microbes were proclaimed at some point as causative agents, and yet none were ever accepted. However, when microbes had been put forward as a causative agent of disease, this assumption led to the creation of a vaccine or a serum as a “cure.” Thus, Dr. Snow wanted to examine these particular instances in order to see what scientific evidence was available in support.

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT INVESTIGATIONS EVER MADE

Has Just Been Completed by a Great Body of Scientists, And in His Report Dr. Herbert Snow Says That Microbes Never Caused a Disease.

They Are Scavengers and Help You But That the Ignorant Are Kept Believing it so That Vaccinations of All Kinds of Serums May Be Sold, As There Are Millions in it And That Vaccinations of Serum Increase the Death Rate, And in no Way Prevent Diseases.

If That Is so, Who Killed Your Loved One? Read it and it Will Save Your Life. It Is Far More Intelligent to Believe in Witches Than Microbes. This Undoes the Whole Medical Science and Proves it Fraud Pure and Simple.

The Germ Theory of Disease, so prominent in medical literature and practice, began with the efforts of the chemist Pasteur to apply to human, maladies—which, not being a doctor, he only knew academically—deductions drawn from the phenomenoa he had observed in fermentation. There has never been anything approaching scientific proof of the casual association of micro-organisms with disease; and in most instances wherein such an association has been pretended, there is abundant evidence emphatically contradicting that view. Yet most unfortunately this lame and defective theory has become the foundation of a very extensive system of quackery, in the prosecution of which millions of capital are embarked, and no expense spared to hoodwink the public with the more credulous members of the Medical Faculty. It may then not be out of place to survey, as fudicially as may be, the position in which the Germ Theory now stands; with the ill consequences very conspicuously resulting from its premature adoption as a proven axiom of Science. Those ill results are demonstrated and lucidly set forth in categorical detail, by the recently published Minority Report—whereof Dr. George Wilson is author of—the Royal Comission on Vivisection.

The subject naturally falls into two divisions: (a) the Microbe or Germ as asserted to cause febrile and infectious maladies; (b) the same as the source of suppuration in wounds and of the basis of Lister’s exploded “Antiseptic Theory.” The former appertains to Medicine, the latter to Surgery.

(Microbes Asserted Cause of Fevers, Consumption Diphtheria, Etc.)

The majority of zymotic maladies are unquestionably due to some sanitary defect, as dirt, foul air, polluted water, innutritous food, deficient light, etc; and when the fault has been remedied, the disease is prevented or cured. But these are its gross causes. Of the subtler agencies whereby illness is produced, our ignorance is crass indeed.

Hence a natural temptation, whenever a micro-organism is found in connection with a malady to assume that the latter is directly due to the former, and to overlook necessary links in the chain of scientific proof. The Germ Theory offers such a simple explanation of so much that is profoundly mysterious and obscure that, in spite of every difficulty, belief in it has come to be with the bulk of medical practitioners—and so with the public who place implicit confidence in “Medical Science”— an obsession overwhelming and unapproachable by reason.

The first of these difficulties is the fact that in spite of the most diligent and persevering efforts, no investigator has ever yet been able to detect any causative germ whatever in some of the most familiar and prevalent maladies of this zymotic class. Vaccine lymph we have always with us, and in forms peculiarly well adapted to the methods of laboratory research. More than twenty years since, the Grocer’s Company offered a prize of $5,000 to the discoverer of its “germ.” That prize is still open, and has never been even claimed.

No one has yet discovered any micro-organism in association with Measles, Scarlatina, Smallpox, Chicken-pox, and Mumps. One has lately been put forward as the source of Whooping-cough, but proof of the statement is wanting; and the same with Pfeiffer’s Influenza-bacillus. Pasteur, the Apostle of the Germ Theory, could detect no microbe (in spite of assiduous search) in Hydrophobia; not of course a zymotic malady. Of Cancer, some 400 distinct micro-organisms have been proclaimed the cause; but no one beyond the discoverer has ever accepted this discovery.

Per contra, a micro-organism has been discovered in more or less frequent associations with the lesions of Diphtheria, Tuberculosis, Cholera, Bubonic Plague, Tetanus, Typhoid Fever, Spinal Meningitis, and a few more. In each instance it has been put forward as the cause; and on that assumption a serum or vaccine has been commercially exploited as cure or as preventive of the disease in question. Let us briefly inquire into the credentials of some of these germs: and consider how they would satisfy the requirements of genuine Science.

In this next section, Dr. Snow examined the evidence of bacteria in relation to Koch’s Postulates. He started by pointing out that, morphologically, microbes bear so close a resemblance to each other that highly skilled microscopists have great difficulty in distinguishing one from another. These microbes are often mixed together in a jumbled and confusing mess. We can find confirmation of this from the 1905 speech by Count K.A.H. Mörner awarding Robert Koch the Nobel Prize. In his speech, Mörner stated that investigators often found different bacteria in the same diseases or would find that the bacterium supposed to cause one disease would be found in cases of another. He stated that it was difficult to envision a bacterium as the cause as “it looked partly as if the same disease could be caused by different bacteria, and partly as if the same bacteria could produce different diseases.”

Dr. Snow discussed how German bacteriologist Robert Koch and his postulates were meant to remedy this mess. He mistakenly referred to five Postulates as he had broken the first of Koch’s Postulate into two separate ones. However, Koch technically only established three postulates even though there are four that are most commonly attributed to him. The last one was added by Koch’s pupil Friedrich Loeffler. The postulates are as follows:

Dr. Snow brought up Koch’s Postulates on the basis of expert opinion, as well as the fact that they are logical and appeal to common sense. He stated that not a single germ discovered had ever succeeded in fulfilling all of these conditions, and no single microbe put forward as the cause of a disease had complied with more than one. This is in agreement with Ethel D. Hume, who quoted in her book Bechamp vs Pasteur?: A Lost Chapter in the History of Biology a March 29th, 1909, Lancet article that stated, “Koch’s Postulates are rarely, if ever, complied with.” Dr. Snow concluded that no microbe had ever satisfied more than one of the four postulates.

Koch’s Postulates.

But first it may be presumed that germs in general are of extremely numerous varieties, and that morphologically these varieties often bear so close a resemblance to each other, that even a highly-skilled microscopist has the greatest possible difficulty in distinguishing one from another by its appearance under the microscope. Also the micro-organisms found in disease are commonly mixed and blended in almost inextricable confusion. Hence Professor Koch, of Berlin, the discoverer of the Cholera and Consumption bacilli, laid down five postulates with which any germ must comply, before it could be scientifically admitted the “vera causa” of any malady whatever. At the time Koch was practically the head of the bacteriological world, and his dictum was unhesitatingly accepted by bacteriologists. Apart from expert opinion, it obviously appeals to common sense.

In order that a micro-organism may be scientifically held causal, it must—

1. Always be discoverable in association with the particular disease.
2. Never occur under conditions of health, or in other disease than the one indicated.
3. Be capable of cultivation for many generations outside the body of the host.
4. Always produce the same disease when subsequently inoculated into the body of another animal.
5. Then always be found in this second animal host.

Not a solitary germ yet discovered has succeeded in fulfilling all these conditions. In fact, no single microbe put forward by bacteriologists as the cause of a disease has yet complied with more than one, and—which is a point of particular significance—that one is the third of the above.

In other words every micro-organism yet found in association with disease has utterly failed to fulfil four out of five tests which the leading bacteriologist of his day laid down as absolutely essential before it could be counted a genuine cause, or held in any sense etiological. Witness the following examples:

Looking at the evidence for diphtheria, Dr. Snow mentioned that, during the investigations by Messrs, Klebs, and Loeffler, they could not find the associated bacterium in 35% (1 in 4) of the cases of the disease. Obviously, this means that the evidence for the microbe as the causative agent immediately conflicts with Koch’s first postulate which requires for the microbe to be present in all cases of the disease. Even Sir William Osler, considered one of the foremost leaders in modern medicine, admitted that the bacterium is regularly absent in cases of the disease. It was also found by many independent researchers to be in abundance in entirely healthy people. It is present in many other diseases such as in cases of tuberculosis, in the vaccine vesicles, in mucus from ordinary sore-throat, in stomatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, in eczema and other skin eruptions, and in gangrene, noma, ozoena. Being found in unrelated diseases is another way in which the bacterium fails Koch’s first postulate. When injected into animals, the same disease as seen in humans was not produced, thus failing Koch’s third postulate. In other words, the diphtheria bacillus does not satisfy Koch’s Postulates by supplying the necessary evidence proving that it is the causative agent of disease. Ironically, Loeffler declared, during the 1903 celebration of Koch’s 60th birthday, that the development of “Koch’s Postulates” was the decisive attainment for scientifically proving a microbe causes disease, something that it is clear that he was unable to accomplish himself.

The Bacillus of Diphtheria.

The microbe to which Diphtheria has been for the past seventeen years attributed and whose presence in the throat-mucus now constitutes the official and sole acknowledged test for the presence of that malady, was discovered by Messrs, Klebs and Loeffler and is called by their name. They could not detect it in 35 percent, (one in four) cases of undoubted Diphtheria. See also Osler’s Practice of Medicine, Page 138, where Osler, practically the leader of modern Medicine, admits its frequent absence even in bad cases.

Since its discovery as above the bacillus has also been found in abundance in the throat-mucus of innumerable healthy people; and this by many independent observers. Ritter detected it in 127 perfectly healthy school children. Hewlett and Murray found it in 15 percent of children in hospital with various maladies other than Diphtheria (British Medical Journal, June 15, 1901)

The organism has a very wide distribution. It has been detected microscopically in the contents of vaccine vesicles, in tuberculosis and emphysematous lungs, in mucus from ordinary catarrhal sore-throat, in stomatitis, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, in eczema and other skin eruptions, in gangrene, noma, ozoena, etc.

Injected into the body of another animal the Klebs-Loffler bacillus invariably fails to produce disease in any way resembling human Diphtheria. The horses so treated for the purpose of manufacturing Diphtheria-Antitoxin from their blood-serum, show no symptoms apart from general malaise, (See evidence of Professor (C. J. Martin, Proc Royal A-V, Commission, Q. 11327).

“Intensive research during the past twelve years on the relationship between diet and susceptibility to infection, not only in polio but also in common respiratory infections and tuberculosis, has convinced me that the human organism can protect itself against infection virtually completely by proper nutrition.”

Dr. Benjamin P. Sandler M.D.

http://www.whale.to/v/sandler.html

Dr. Snow pointed out that, despite Robert Koch’s efforts to prove that the tubercle-bacillus was the causative agent of tuberculosis, he failed miserably in doing so as all of his conclusions were promptly contradicted by Professor Middendorp and others. I wrote about Koch’s difficulties with tuberculosis here. The bacterium does not make its appearance in the sputum of patients until disease has continued for several months, sometimes nearly four months after symptoms begin. Dr. Muthu affirmed that the bacillus is regularly absent from the fluids of patients with very advanced disease and “extensive mischief in the lungs.” Professor Middendorp stated that the bacterium is absent from recent nodules, and Spina, Charrin, and Kuskow failed utterly to detect it in Acute Military tuberculosis patients. In I868, Dr. Wilson Fox proved that it was very easy to produce tuberculosis in guinea pigs, the animals utilized in experiments by Koch, using almost any tissue-irritation as well as by inoculation with miscellaneous substances. His findings were confirmed by Dr. Waldenburg, and they were never contradicted.

Tuberculosis.

The Tubercle-bacillus was discovered by Professor Koch in 1881. He endeavored to prove that it is the cause of Tubercular Consumption, but entirely failed to do so; all his conclusions were promptly contradicted by Professor Middendorp and others. Nevertheless, this microbe has since been elevated to the baleful potency of a malignant African fetish. It has caused unhappy consumptives to be shunned like lepers; is now dangerously threatening the milk trade, the agricultural interest, and even the general arrangements of industry at large.

The germ does not make its appearance in the sputum of consumptives until that disease has continued for several months. Dr. H. J. Loomis (Medical Record, July 29th, 1905), gives the average date of its detection at three and one-third months from inception, as fixed by the physical signs. Dr. Muthu’s extensive experience at the Mendip Sanatorium enables him to affirm that it is not infrequently absent from the expectoration of patients with very advanced disease and “extensive mischief in the lungs.” (Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Sanatorium Treatment, 1910).

Professor Middendorp denies that the bacillus exists in any tubercular nodules of recent formation, and prior to the onset of degenerative processes. Spina, Charrin, and Kuskow failed utterly to detect it in Acute Military Tuberculosis, wherein, were the causal theory of Koch genuine, it must needs be specially abundant.

A noteworthy element of fallacy in reference to the value of inferences from experiment with the Tubercle-bacillus upon the lower animals lies in the fact that most of such experiments take place with the guinea pig. In I868 Dr. Wilson Fox proved that it was easy to produce Tuberculosis in that animal by almost any tissue-irritation, and by inoculation with miscellaneous substances very varied in character. Eleven of thirteen guinea pigs became tubercular through the subcutaneous injection of pneumonic lung-substance, four out of five by that of putrid muscle, others by the insertion into their tissues of silver-wire, cotton thread, and the like. (Lecture Royal College Physicians. May 15th, 1868). Dr. Fox’s conclusions were confirmed by Dr. Waldenburg and have never been contradicted. They appear to invalidate the bulk of “scientific” researches including those most elaborate and prolonged investigations by the Royal Commission on Tuberculosis.

A 1896 report on the Plague by bacteriologist Mr. Hankin stated that there was no doubt that there were cases of the Plague in which no microbes were visible at the time of death. Regarding cholera, it is shared that Dr. Klein drank pure comma-shaped bacillus, no effects followed, and he remained alive and well. Pettenkofer and Emerich swallowed the actual objects of a cholera patient with similar negative results. Thus, it is clear that the comma-shaped bacillus is not pathogenic and cannot satisfy Koch’s own postulates. For more on Koch’s cholera catastrophe, please refer to this article.

The Microbes of Plague, Cholera, Tetanus, Etc.

The Times of January 13th, 1896, quotes a Report to the Plague Commission at Agra, by Mr. Hankin. Bacteriologist for the North-West Provinces. “There was no doubt that cases of Plague occurred among human beings in which no microbes were visible at the time of death. This fact was first proved by the members of the German and Austrian Plague Commission.”

The “Comma bacillus” was discovered by Koch, who proclaimed it to be the cause of Asiatic Cholera. Dr. Klein, who was about to proceed to India to investigate the origin of that disease, did not believe in Professor Koch’s statement and experimentally drank a wine-glassful of comma bacilli in “pure culture.” No effect followed; and Dr. Klein remains alive and well to this day. At Hamburg Pettenkofer and Emerich swallowed the actual objects of a cholera patient with result similarly negative.

“It is bad enough for the doctors to blame the diseases on germs, viruses and bacteria, but when they pick on healthy people who do not “catch diseases” when they are exposed, and claim they are “carriers” and can infect others, this is the height of the ridiculous.”

-Eleanora McBean Ph.D., N.D.

http://www.whale.to/vaccine/typhoidmary.html

Regarding tetanus, Dr. Snow pointed out that many gardeners regularly acquire wounds to the hands without ever having any issues. He also noted that many cases of tetanus appear without any prior wound and occur upon injections of serum and diphtheria anti-toxin.

For typhoid fever, Dr. Snow stated that the bacillus is regularly found in healthy people. I noted this as well in my article covering the ruse of the asymptomatic carrier of disease. An example was shared of Major Horrecks, who was able to transform the typhoid bacillus into other forms of bacteria through cultivation, lining up with Bechamps pleomorphism observations. Dr. Snow pointed out how the bacterium is never found in the water where it should be present due to the ascribed mode of transmission. He also shared the story of Dr. Thresh, a well-known Medical Officer of Health, who accidentally drank pure culture without any ill effects. Dr. J. W. Hodge found multiple instances of healthy people being injected in various ways with pure cultures of both typhoid bacillus and anthrax that resulted in no ill effects. On a related note, during a conversation on Twitter, I came across a paper stating that anthrax results in very low “infection” for exposed workers, with chronically exposed annual rates of 0.6-1.4%. In one mill, where workers were breathing in 600-1300 spores per 8-hour shift, not a single worker came down with ill effects. In fact, the anthrax bacillus was found in 14 of 101 healthy workers.

Thus, we once again see that the typhoid bacterium as well as the anthrax bacterium both fail Koch’s Postulates. Dr. Snow concluded the section by stating that it was admitted that the microbes claimed to result in spinal meningitis, anthrax, influenza, etc. cannot be detected in all the victims of these disorders even with the most careful searches. No pathogenic germ has ever been found in the air.

Pettenkofer Concluded That “the Specific Virus of Cholera Does Not Arise From the Comma Bacillus, But Is Evolved in the Human Organism.

Tetanus is ascribed to a microbe resident in garden soil, which gains access to wounds. That cannot be true, because such wounds among gardeners and agricultural laborers must be most common; yet they are very rarely attacked. Also, tetanus not seldom occurs without external wound and Dieulafoy has recorded thirty-five cases following the injection of highly sterilized serum. In India, Italy, and America, severe outbreaks of Tetanus have followed the use of Diphtheria Anti-toxin.

The bacillus typhosus, the pretended cause of typhoid fever, is found in healthy persons, and according to Major Horrecks, R. A. M.A. (British Medical Journal, May 6, 1911) has no specific character whatever. He finds that it is easily changed into other forms (B. Coli, B. Alcaligencs, etc.) by cultivation. It has never been found in the water, to which many virulent epidemics of typhoid have plausibly been ascribed. Dr. Thresh, the well-known Medical Officer of Health, told the jury in the Malvern Hydro case, that he had accidentally swallowed a wine-glassful of the “pure culture” of virulent typhoid bacilli without the smallest ill-consequence.

On experiments involving the like conclusion, Dr. J. W. Hodge remarks: “In medical literature I find a number of recorded instances of the apparently healthy human body having been repeatedly inoculated hypodermically with pure cultures of, the active bacillus typhosus, the supposed cause of typhoid fever. These fully virulent cultures have also been injected into the rectum of the human body, and applied to large abraded areas from which the cuticle had been removed . . . with no other effects than those resulting from the puncture or abrasion.” He makes a similar statement about the bacillus of Anthrax; and says that’so far as his knowledge extends, all such experiments with other microbes reputed pathogenic have been negative. (American Journal of Neuropathy, February, 1911.)

These remarks are specially pertinent at the present time because of the recent official order that the whole United States Army is to undergo inoculation with Anti-Typhoid serum, a remedy resting in toto on belief that the B. Typhosus is the source of Enteric fever.

It is admitted that the microbes asserted to generate Spinal Meningitis, Anthrax, Influenza, etc. cannot be detected in all the victims of these disorders by the most careful search. No pathogenic germ has ever been found in the air.

Regarding malaria, Dr. Snow began by pointing out that the disease shows up where mosquitoes are entirely, or almost entirely, absent. The fever was known to be at its worst when few mosquitoes were around, and far less severe when more mosquitoes were present. He also noted that the efforts to control the disease by eliminating mosquitoes always resulted in failure. For more information on the ways in which malaria fails Koch’s Postulates, please refer to this article I wrote on the subject.

Mosquitoes and Malaria.

The present position of the favorite official view of a germ as the cause of Malarial fevers, and conveyed by the mosquito, may be here glanced at. On the general theory, it may be remarked that Malaria abounds where the insects are entirely, or almost entirely, absent; as in the tropical highlands generally and the elevated regions of Rhodesia (Bantock.) That the fever is at its maximum when there are hardly any mosquitoes about, and at its minimum when these are most numerous. That the malady is apt to follow a chill, after long years of immunity of temperate Europe.

Secondly, we note that although the theory has been current for nearly ten years, wherever it has been acted on, it has totally failed in actual practice. Wherever operations for the destruction of the mosquito (per se) have been carried on, as at Miam Mir, for seven or eight years (Lancet, April 1909), they have proved useless. The malady is as prevalent as ever, in spite of the great labor and sacrifices involved. So far as it is possible to obtain unbiased official testimony, we learn that only the gross measures of sanitation count.

In this next section, Dr. Snow discussed the attempts to sanitize in order to prevent microbes from causing disease. He spoke about Lord Lister’s use of a toxic carbonic spray which damaged the hearts of doctors and ultimately killed patients. It was eventually discovered that it was impossible to eliminate the millions of microbes which gain access to every wound during even the briefest operation, and Lister had to confess that his theory was erroneous. Lister went so far as to state that he was ashamed for having tried to eliminate microbes from the air. It was later decided that, instead of killing the germs, it was best to leave them alone.

II.

Microbes and Suppuration. The Obselete Anti-septic Theory.

The Antiseptic System of Surgery, to the introduction of which the late Lord Lister owed his extraordinary fame, was based on the theory that certain specific micro-organisms cause suppuration in wounds; and that by destroying them before they could gain access thereto, suppuration was prevented.

Hence the Invention of the Carbolic Spray, and all its accompanying cumbersome technique, which in the seventies of last century wearied the heart of the surgeon, and not seldom killed the patient. It was eventually, discovered that no human power could possibly devitalise the millions of microbes which gain access to every wound during the briefest operation. Lord Lister had to confess at Liverpool, on September 16th, 1896, that his whole theory was erroneous, and that it was only “the grosser forms of septic mischief” which had to be reckoned with in surgery. The Carbolic Spray, and even the “Antiseptic washing and irrigation,” had been authoritatively abandoned by him six years earlier, with an expression of regret for the introduction of the former. “I feel ashamed that I should ever have recommended it (the spray) for the purpose of destroying the microbes in the air.”

Antiseptic surgery was then replaced by Aseptic; which being translated simply signifies careful and wholesome cleanliness—that and nothing more. Instead of striving to kill the germs, we severely let them alone, concentrating all our attention upon that cleanliness of patient, of doctors, of nurses, and of dressings, which assuredly in this matter is not merely next to godliness but infinitely preferable.

In this final section, Dr. Snow highlighted how powerful vested interests, in combination with even more powerful financial forces, worked together to keep the germ theory alive. He stated that even greater forces worked to keep the theory that specific microbes caused a specific disease in order to prop up and sell fraudulent “cures.” I explained many of these events and forces in this article examining the rise of the pharmaceutical-industrial complex. These “cures” actually failed to work as promised. However, this was concealed to the public as the frequent dangerous side effects were disguised, and the statistics of disease were either manipulated towards the desired end goal, or often purposely falsified on a grand scale.

III.

The Fallacies of the Bacteriologist and the Tricks of Trade.

But unfortunately both in the medical and surgical departments of the healing art, powerful vested interests had by this time (i. e. 1890, when Lister at the Berlin Congress officially discarded his “Antisepsis”) arisen, and, in combination with still more powerful financial forces outside the faculty, were compelled to prop up the decaying Germ Theory by every possible method and at all hazard. Consequently, when Aseptic Surgery displaced Antiseptic, it was officially proclaimed publicly that the former was only the corollary of the latter—which it really negatived entirely. Lister was induced to ally himself with the successful new school, and to confer upon its edicts and practical prescriptions the unparalleled lustre of his world-wide reputation. At the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society on June 20th, 1891, the Antiseptic method in surgery was solemnly buried in the presence of its author, but proclamation was also made that the new Aseptic “was the outcome of the Listerian method.” The proposition is ingenious; but one might as well describe the locomotive as the outcome of the stage coach.

So much for surgery. But in medicine, still greater forces were indissolubly pledged to the maintenance of the belief in special micro-organisms as the cause of specific diseases. Pasteur has invented Serum-Therapy, beginning with fictitious cures, whose validity he signally failed to prove, for Rabies and Anthrax. Millions of capital were being invested in commercial enterprises for the manufacture of sera to cure or to prevent human maladies, and sold on the credit of the Germ Theory. Hence it was impossible to suffer public belief in the evil potency of Germs—by this time thoroughly established—to be trampled out by the hard facts of Science.

So nothing was spared that could serve to prevent a perception of the actual truth. The total failure of every one of these nostrums to accomplish its ostensible object was concealed; their frequent dangerous effects disguised, and the statistics of disease manipulated, towards the desired end, or often purposely falsified upon a most extensive scale. In the whole wide field of Serum-Therapy so far, not a solitary genuine success has been scored. The fact is categorically demonstrated by Dr. Wilson’s Report in the recent Blue Book. For all who can read between the lines it stands admitted to all intents and purposes, by the Majority Report of the Royal Commission on Vivisection (q. v.)

Herbert Snow. M. D, London Cancer Hospital.

The final section of the article appears to be written by the editor, who proclaimed that Dr. Snow’s investigation proved medical “science” as a fraud that has more to do with witchcraft than actual science. The writer preached the dangers of injecting poisons into the body, while speaking highly of the work of Osteopaths who, through the proper alignment of the nerves, joints, and organs, allowed the body to clean the blood in order to cure disease. The writer claimed that, in El Paso, over 8,000 cases of disease of all types were cured via Osteopathic means. The article concluded by stating that scientists were right in that all diseases originate from within the human due to the accumulation of stagnant, decaying blood making a receptacle for the poisons. Thus, the remedy is within the diseased person, and disease can be removed by restoring the circulation of the blood so that it can carry out any impurities and return the body back to homeostasis.

This undoes the whole Medical Science and proves it a fraud, pure and simple and that it is not a science at all any more than witchcraft but does far more harm because the percent of deaths are so much greater from the poisons used as remedies. This has given rise to the spread of all drugless sciences and beliefs as they save thousands of lives by teaching people to restrain from taking drugs and serums as their intemperate nature makes them strictly against the teachings of the Bible which has been the basis of all true sciences from the beginning of the world and we have only progressed when we come back to its teachings and it deals with every phase of life from the cradle to the grave. Be temperate, be clean, be virtuous. Little Daniel knew this and purposed in his heart he would not defile himself with the King’s (highly spiced) meats, nor drink of the King’s (fermented) wines.

And the cleanliness taught, forbids the injection of any poisonous serums into the human body, “For if you come in contact with anyone who has any kind of an issue from the flesh, go bathe theyself”—Bible. And is in perfect accord with the conclusions of these great Scientists that cleanliness is the draining of swamps, to keep their poisons from being inhaled into the system and isolating one’s self from contagious persons lest the poison matter from them poison the same parts of your system and thus produce the same disease in you provided the nerve has already been weakened to that part by drugs, stimulants or excesses, so stagnant blood has been allowed to accumulate for the poison to settle in and produce the “virus evolved in the human organism” necessary to produce the disease which these scientists say produces the disease, and not the Bacillus. And without these exhaustive conditions to an organ there is an absence of stagnant blood and that person can take no disease. Hence you will notice the splendid continued health of people who take Osteopathic treatment and their immunity from disease and perfect control in the curing of all diseases. Diphtheria, Scarlet fever, Lung fever, Appendicitis for the stagnant decaying blood, the real cause of all diseases are thrown out by freeing the exhausted nerve to that part, and the cause of the disease removed, the blood rebuilds the part just as it did when it first made it and result is invaribly a cure, unless the patient has let it run so long before the Osteopath was called that the system was too weak to throw it out, as in last stages of consumption and in cancers. The ability of the Osteopaths to handle all diseases of eyes, ears, nose, throat, lungs, stomach, livers, appendix, kidneys, heart, asthmas, rheumatisms, spinal meningitis and all female and children’s diseases, has been so thoroughly demonstrated by the handling of 8,000 cases here in El Paso with by far the largest percent of cures ever known. That the most skeptical cannot help but be convinced if they will only go there and talk with those that were and are being cured and see and they will be satisfied that this great association of Scientists were right, and that all diseases originate from within the human organism from the accumulation of stagnant, decaying blood making a receptacle for the poisons from without and that the remedy is all within yourself and is removed by restoring the circulation of the blood so it can carry out these impurities and build up the part again and you are whole. “For in the Blood is the Life all Flesh.”— Bible.

Throughout this article, I wanted to present examples of the voices that spoke out against the germ theory of disease. I primarily focused on those who were present at the beginning of the fraud. However, what was presented here is just a very small sample. There are many more who spoke out from the start, as well as those who raised concerns throughout the proceeding decades. I highlighted Dr. Herbert Snow’s excellent investigation and subsequent article as it does a masterful job of putting the spotlight on the unscientific fraud that has taken place over the last two centuries. Like the highly skilled surgeon that he was, Dr. Snow cut through all of the pseudoscience in order to show that the scientific evidence supporting germ theory was non-existent. He put the spotlight on the accepted bacterial causes of disease and demonstrated how not a single one satisfied Koch’s Postulates, the very requirements that were agreed upon as essential in order to prove that microbes cause disease. Dr. Snow understood that there were powerful forces and vested interests that were propping up the fraudulent germ theory for various reasons, including money and control. He realized that contradictory evidence and dangerous side effects were buried while statistics were intentionally manipulated and falsified as a means to an end. We still see these exact same practices utilized today in order to fool the masses and perpetuate the lie in order to gain further money, power, and control. Thus, it is extremely important that we listen to and learn from these voices of the past, lest we continue to cycle through the same mistakes. Had people actually listened to Dr. Snow and the many prominent voices speaking out against the unscientific germ theory of disease when it was first developed, perhaps this fraudulent house of cards would have never been built up in the first place.